The Reinvention of Al-Shabaab. A Strategy of Choice or Necessity?

This report explores alternative approaches to countering violent extremism in Somalia by focusing on localized clan dynamics, disengagement of Al-Shabaab members, and the limitations of purely military strategies in achieving sustainable security outcomes.}

This study examines how Kenyan communities build resilience against violent extremism, highlighting the impact of heavy-handed security responses, the role of religious cohesion, and local capacity in countering radicalisation.}

On 19 August 2019, near the southern Somali port town of Kismayo, soldiers from the Kenyan and Ethiopian armies faced off warily against one another at point blank range down the barrels of their guns. The two countries have been strategic allies for over half a century, mainly to contain a perceived common threat from Somalia.}